How Knowledge Graph and Attention Help? A Qualitative Analysis into Bag-level Relation Extraction

Zikun Hu, Yixin Cao, Lifu Huang, Tat-Seng Chua


Abstract
Knowledge Graph (KG) and attention mechanism have been demonstrated effective in introducing and selecting useful information for weakly supervised methods. However, only qualitative analysis and ablation study are provided as evidence. In this paper, we contribute a dataset and propose a paradigm to quantitatively evaluate the effect of attention and KG on bag-level relation extraction (RE). We find that (1) higher attention accuracy may lead to worse performance as it may harm the model’s ability to extract entity mention features; (2) the performance of attention is largely influenced by various noise distribution patterns, which is closely related to real-world datasets; (3) KG-enhanced attention indeed improves RE performance, while not through enhanced attention but by incorporating entity prior; and (4) attention mechanism may exacerbate the issue of insufficient training data. Based on these findings, we show that a straightforward variant of RE model can achieve significant improvements (6% AUC on average) on two real-world datasets as compared with three state-of-the-art baselines. Our codes and datasets are available at https://github.com/zig-kwin-hu/how-KG-ATT-help.
Anthology ID:
2021.acl-long.359
Volume:
Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2021
Address:
Online
Editors:
Chengqing Zong, Fei Xia, Wenjie Li, Roberto Navigli
Venues:
ACL | IJCNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
4662–4671
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.359
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2021.acl-long.359
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Zikun Hu, Yixin Cao, Lifu Huang, and Tat-Seng Chua. 2021. How Knowledge Graph and Attention Help? A Qualitative Analysis into Bag-level Relation Extraction. In Proceedings of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 4662–4671, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
How Knowledge Graph and Attention Help? A Qualitative Analysis into Bag-level Relation Extraction (Hu et al., ACL-IJCNLP 2021)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.359.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2021.acl-long.359.mp4
Code
 zig-kwin-hu/how-KG-ATT-help
Data
FewRel